As global concerns for ethical sourcing, product authenticity, and environmental sustainability intensify, achieving transparency in supply chains becomes paramount. This research paper investigates the potential of blockchain technology to revolutionize supply chain transparency, aiming to unlock its inherent efficiencies and benefits. Through a rigorous exploration of blockchain’s core principles, we delve into its capabilities for securely recording and immutably tracing every step of a product’s journey, from raw materials to consumer hands. We analyze case studies and emerging applications to assess the tangible impacts of blockchain on transparency, focusing on aspects like fraud reduction, data integrity, and improved stakeholder trust. Furthermore, the paper identifies and critically examines the challenges and limitations associated with integrating blockchain into existing supply chain structures. We discuss scalability concerns, regulatory implications, and potential adoption barriers, while presenting feasible solutions and recommendations for overcoming these hurdles. Ultimately, this research aims to provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis of the efficiency of blockchain in supply chain transparency. By offering a balanced perspective on its potential and challenges, we hope to contribute valuable knowledge for businesses, policymakers, and researchers seeking to unlock the transformative power of this technology for a more transparent and sustainable future.