The paper presents an AI-driven and ontology-based framework for personalized learning pathways in education, aiming to revolutionize the delivery and management of educational content tailored to individual student needs. The framework leverages the semantic richness of ontologies to formalize the relationships between educational entities, such as courses, competencies, skills, assessments, and career paths. By integrating advanced AI algorithms, the framework dynamically assesses student competencies, identifies gaps, and generates personalized learning paths that adapt in real-time based on student progress and evolving industry trends. This structured approach ensures that students acquire relevant skills aligned with their career goals, enhances engagement and motivation, and supports continuous improvement through feedback loops. The paper discusses the development and implementation of educational ontologies, the role of AI in personalizing learning experiences, and the benefits of the framework in providing scalable, efficient, and effective education.