Alijt Bake
摘要
Alijt Bake (1413/1415–1455) was among the first women who wrote about their own life in the Dutch language. When Bake became prioress of the Galilea convent in Ghent in 1451, she started working on her spiritual autobiography Boexcken van mijn beghin ende voortganck (“Book of my beginnings and progress”). This text was instrumental for Bake’s project of reform. Bake addressed Boexcken to the women of Galilea, describing herself as a mother responsible for reforming the “inner life.” Apart from her Boexcken, Bake also wrote several other texts, including the more widely disseminated passion meditation De Vier Kruiswegen (“The Four Ways of the Cross”). In 1455, Bake’s project of reform ended abruptly after a visitation by episcopal authorities. Bake was exiled to the Facons convent in Antwerp. In the same year, the sisters of Galilea were forbidden to translate any texts from Latin into Dutch and to write or copy texts on doctrine or visions.