Effective and affordable wastewater treatment techniques are critical issue in disease prevention and public health around the world, particularly in developing countries which often lack technical resources and finances for proper treatment. Due to the excessive use of pesticides and chemicals in today's modern agriculture and industrial sector, pesticide and chemical levels in water have increased significantly. Based on the type of pesticide and chemical and the effectiveness of the treatment procedure, an appropriate water treatment technique may be adopted for its removal. This study covers numerous chemical, physical, and biological methods including membrane bioreactors, activated sludge, adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, and membrane technologies for a critical examination and comprehensive description of pesticide and chemical removal from water. There is a detailed description and a critical discussion of both single-treatment and hybrid techniques. Potential chances to create novel pesticide removal strategies exist with the usage of hybrid removal approaches. Hybrid or integrated technologies have been determined to be an effective way to decrease the wastewater contamination level, in combination with biological methods and constructed wetlands.