This chapter examines the transformative potential of geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) in reshaping transportation systems, offering a concise overview of its innovative applications. Centered on four key components of transportation—modes, infrastructures, networks, and flows—we explore how emerging geospatial datasets and representative artificial intelligence (AI) solutions are being applied to address complex transportation challenges. Rather than providing an exhaustive review, we highlight representative applications of GeoAI, including transportation mode identification, road asset management, connectivity and accessibility assessment, and traffic demand prediction. By showcasing these innovations, this chapter serves as a starting point for further exploration and discussion on how GeoAI can revolutionize transportation systems, paving the way for more efficient, accessible, and sustainable mobility futures.