Growing vegetables and annual fruit crops is an important part of agriculture. They are irreplaceable part of the human diet and are especially important for the body’s supply of vital vitamins and minerals. Planning the areas for sowing is a complex task. Expected yields, different types of costs, policies, incentives, and more must be considered. The aim is for farmers to plan their sowing in such a way that they have maximum profit. On the other hand, authorities should be able to assess in advance the impact of various policies, including taxes and incentives, on farmers’ sowing decisions. The problem is a complex optimization problem because of the strict constraints that must be satisfied. For problem solving, we apply an algorithm based on the ant colony optimization metaheuristics. In the study, we play out a variety of seeding scenarios involving a distinct opportunity for an adverse event occurring as well as subsidizing unattractive plantings.