Today, the world is fully digitized and interconnected, with the advent of technologies. One of the biggest threats to this digital world is the illegal use of cyberspace by cyber attackers. As technology grows, the emergence of highly skilled cyber attackers against the technology also proliferates. The impact of cyberattacks has been found widespread in all sectors and resulted in socio-economic problems in the world. The maritime industry is also the victim of this jeopardizing issue. The major causes of cyberattacks are vulnerabilities in technology and the intelligence or innocence of humans. This chapter mainly focuses on the intervention of humans in cyberattacks, as a victim as well as an attacker, and reviews the impact of social engineering on maritime cybersecurity. It starts with the discussion of various social engineering attacks and some real-world incidents, to understand the roles and responsibilities of the employers and the employees in an organization to ensure the cybersecurity of the organization. It explains the major challenges in preventing social engineering attacks on an organization and the defense strategies. Finally, it describes the cybersecurity issues in the maritime domain, some cyber incidents over the period, and mitigation strategies.