Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability within the United States and worldwide. Annually, approximately 15 million people suffer a stroke worldwide, of which more than 795,000 occur within the United States (CDC, 2024c; World Health Organization, 2024). Approximately half of the individuals affected by stroke are women (Yoon & Bushnell, 2023). Stroke is often the first presentation of cardiovascular disease in women, while men most often present with coronary artery disease (Rexrode et al., 2022). Although prevalence is similar between sexes, women are disproportionately affected by stroke with a higher total lifetime risk of stroke and poorer stroke outcomes than men (Yoon & Bushnell, 2023). Understanding and identifying cardiovascular disease in women is particularly important because it often presents differently than in men, leading to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment; by recognizing these unique patterns, we can improve prevention strategies, enhance care, and ultimately save lives. In this chapter, we review the types of stroke (i.e., ischemic and hemorrhagic), and the impact that strokes have on women worldwide, including sequelae of cognitive impairment, epilepsy, post-stroke depression (PSD), and vascular dementia.