The paper proposes an investigation into the technological development potential of construction sites with the aim of making the sector increasingly competitive and efficient, taking advantage of innovations already in use in other production sectors. The research fits within the context of what many experts refer to as the Fourth Industrial Revolution and explores the concept of Industry 4.0 and its extension to the construction sector through the notion of Construction 4.0. The research aims to understand the meaning of Construction 4.0, identify Industry 4.0 technologies applicable to the construction sector, and clarify the definitions and potentials of two specific innovations, namely virtual and augmented reality. The laboratory phase is structured around several objectives: composing practical guides for the use of VR/AR devices in the construction industry, identifying useful programs and applications, and testing the advantages and disadvantages of using such technologies through practical cases. The applications employed in this phase include Visual Live and Trimble Connect, while the devices used for testing are HTC Vive and HoloLens 2. The case studies considered are the University Laboratory Building in Bologna and an office building in Milan. The presentation of the results aims to highlight the effectiveness and challenges encountered in the application of VR and AR in construction environments, providing insights to improve efficiency and safety during the phases of design, construction, and site management. Additionally, the research aims to provide practical and strategic guidance for the adoption of these technologies in the construction sector, thus contributing to the digital transformation of the construction field in an increasingly innovative and future-oriented perspective.