This chapter explores the critical functions that supply chain management (SCM) and traceability play in the food business to guarantee food safety, quality, and transparency. As consumers’ needs for assurance regarding the provenance and handling of food items increase, it has become imperative to establish robust traceability systems in order to maintain legal compliance and build confidence. The chapter examines the ways in which technological advancements such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics are altering traceability protocols and enhancing the effectiveness of supply chain operations. The chapter also discusses the challenges that companies face when implementing effective supply chain management (SCM) and traceability systems, including supply chain complexity, implementation expenses, and regulatory compliance. Case studies from top companies show how to use technology and foster collaboration to enhance traceability efforts and ease consumer concerns about safety and sustainability.