Translation studies have expanded significantly in the new millennium, embracing technological advancements and interdisciplinary approaches. Research has increasingly focused on cultural localization, audiovisual translation (e.g., subtitling and dubbing), and multimodal translation to meet the demands of a globalized digital landscape. Theoretical models have also evolved, emphasizing inclusivity and diversity. These developments underscore the field's dynamic nature, adapting to the challenges and opportunities of an interconnected world.