The responsibility of the construction sector and urban buildings for CO2 emissions challenges the material and technical-constructive culture accumulated throughout history. This, in parallel, influences a broad social field, as this sector interactively encompasses a diversity of actors (experts, designers, decision-makers, investors, entrepreneurs, users, etc.). Eco-efficient materials, waste reuse, recycling, rehabilitation, usage of materials with low embodied energy together with more energy efficient buildings is the path to environmental sustainability. The chapter focuses on the potential and challenges faced by the need of (re)composing a material and technical-constructive culture regarding the use of eco-efficient materials, specifically in wall coverings. The coatings perform protective, aesthetic-decorative and finishing functions. Hence, their acuity in safeguarding the comfort, health, and well-being of the building users. Experimental research in civil engineering has innovated and contributed to the development of eco-efficient materials in wall coverings, which can potentially be integrated into a circular economy perspective. Nevertheless, what are the obstacles and drivers for the (re)composition of a material and technical-constructive culture related to the broad social field affected by this sector? The chapter reflects on this issue and is supported by a literature consultation while exploring a first set of semi-structured and in-depth interviews with experts working in Portugal.