Biodiversity loss is a pressing issue, and a variety of initiatives are needed to address it. Among these, synthetic biology stands out as a promising yet complex solution. Unlike genetic engineering, synthetic biology involves designing and assembling new genes to influence organisms. This chapter explores how synthetic biology can help tackle biodiversity challenges such as invasive species, diseases, and environmental threats. For instance, it can make corals more resilient to climate change and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. However, the application of synthetic biology also poses risks, including unforeseen genetic consequences. The chapter delves into both the direct and indirect impacts of synthetic biology on biodiversity, highlighting the need for careful regulation to ensure its responsible use.