An experimental comparison is presented on the use of two fuels: fossil diesel and renewable hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) fuels. The study has been carried out on two New Holland brand tractor models. The main difference between them is the engine’s configuration; the first (tractor 1) equipped with a turbocharger controlled by waste gate and another (tractor 2) equipped with a turbocharger controlled by variable geometry turbine. The study was carried out under two steady state operation modes at 1800 min \(^{-1}\) and 70 and 95 kW, respectively, both considered as typical medium load engine operating modes. In both cases, the tractors were coupled to a dynamometric brake through the rear auxiliary power take-off. During the operation with both fuels, in addition to performance, the main regulated emissions (NO \(_x\) , CO, CO \(_2\) and particle number (PN)) were measured. For measuring emissions, a Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) Horiba OBS One was used. Depending on the tractor and the operating mode tested, the relative differences between both fuels, with each tractor tested are around the following: for tractor 1 (STAGE V), CO \(_2\) \(\downarrow \) 4%, CO \(\uparrow \) 1%, NO \(_x\) \(\downarrow \) 2%, PN \(\uparrow \) 400% and for tractor 2 (also STAGE V). CO \(_2\) \(\uparrow \) 5.5%, CO \(\uparrow \) 1%, NO \(_x\) \(\uparrow \) 12,5%, PN \(\uparrow \) 15.5%. In any case, all emissions were lower than the limits established by the STAGE V standard. The results show the potential for using HVO as a 100% renewable fuel as partial or total substitute of fossil diesel fuel.