Migraine is a complex neurological disorder that aggregates in families and has a calculated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-heritability of 15%. The study of migraine genetics has evolved over time with the use of different approaches in line with the evolution of the technological methodologies of each era. The study of genetics and epigenetics of migraine has involved the use of genetic linkage studies, candidate-gene sequencing, candidate-gene association studies, genome-wide association studies, the analysis of polygenic risk score, and the analysis of DNA methylation and microRNAs. These studies have greatly contributed to a better understanding of the genetic basis underlying common migraine, with the identification, to date, of 123 risk variants for migraine. However, the majority of the risk loci identified remain uncharacterized and their contribution towards an increase in the susceptibility to develop migraine is not understood yet. Future studies will need to focus on unravelling the molecular processes by which this genetic variation influences migraine susceptibility.