Migraine and epilepsy are common neurological disorders with a complex relationship. Epidemiological, pathophysiological and genetic data explain a bidirectional association between migraine and epilepsy, which translates into various overlaps both in their clinical presentation and therapeutic options. The prevalence of migraine is increased among patients with epilepsy, and people with migraine have an increased risk of developing epilepsy. Hyperexcitability and cortical spreading depression are proposed shared disease mechanisms and genetic links have been demonstrated between strongly inherited migraine disorders such as familial hemiplegic migraine and seizures. Some antiseizure medications have ample evidence for effectiveness in migraine prevention. However, there are still many unanswered questions about the links between these two disorders. Understanding the many factors playing a role in this close relationship would help develop better instruments and novel treatments.