In this chapter, we talk about the territory as an architecture in its fullest meaning, arising from the collaboration between man and nature. Also Territory is materia signata (marked matter) a substance to which man's consciousness recognizes an aptitude for transformation. The territory is considered as a “territorial organism” and its processual meaning cannot be understood unless its elements (routes, settlement, productive areas) are placed within a frame of relationships of necessity between them. Landscape is defined as the visible aspect of the structure of a man-made territory. Understanding the structure of a territory through the phases of its anthropic use should begin with the reading of the routes, the way in which they form, consolidate, specialize, and hierarchize among themselves in a cooperative way, according to relations of congruence and proportion with the settlements and productive areas to which they fit in. As for contemporary conditions, the land is considered today the place in which architecture is “situated”. Territory, itself an architecture, and it is necessary to consider its actual disaster as a state produced by crises, conditions of rapid, traumatic change, even climatic. And also produced, by the fact that we no longer know how to read the territory in its architectural structure. Differently from the general meaning of the term, it is proposed to give the word “Anthropocene” a cultural sense: “Anthropocene is the epoch in which man began to completely transform the earth without reading its form.”