The content and composition characteristics of 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of a coking plant were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The source of PAHs was determined by ratio method, and the ecological risk of PAHs in different functional areas of the coking plant was analyzed by quality standard method. At the same time, according to the Technical Guidelines for Soil Pollution Risk Assessment of Construction Land (HJ 25.3-2019), the health risk assessment of 16 kinds of PAHs in the plant was carried out.The results showed that: (1) The total detection rate of Σ16 PAHs in the coking plant is 38.22%, and the PAHs in the plant are mainly 3-ring, accounting for 46.43%. 34.6% of the soil samples have Σ16  PAHs at the pollution level, and 25.7% of the soil samples have reached the severe pollution level. (2) Σ16  PAHs showed an obvious spatial distribution pattern, and the content of PAHs in different functional areas was in the order of chemical production area > coal field > Coke field > office area; In the vertical soil layer, 52.64% of PAHs concentrated in the soil of 0 ~ 3  m. (3) The main source of the chemical production area may be the tar leakage in the production process, and the PAHs in the coke field mainly comes from the settlement of soot substances produced by coke ovens; (4) According to the proportion of high ecological risk points, the ecological risk ranking of each functional area is chemical production area > coke field > coal field > office area. In summary, the soil in different regions of the coking plant has different degrees of PAHs ecological risk, and it is recommended to control and use the zoning of this plot.