The development of the transit potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the most important priority of the economic policy of our country. The geographical location of Kazakhstan in the center of the Eurasian continent, between the largest economically developed countries (Russia and China) and the capacious consuming Central Asian region, determines the enormous transit potential of the republic and creates real preconditions for the participation of the transport network of Kazakhstan in the formation of Eurasian corridors. The implementation of the project on the revival of the Great Silk Road proposed by the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev at a meeting of the Council of Foreign Investors in Astana is highly relevant. As noted by the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, this mega-project will allow doubling the volume of transit cargo traffic through Kazakhstan, further increasing it to at least 50 million tons. With the creation of the Common Economic Space, further deepening of integration cooperation between the member-states to form the Common Transport Space and develop prospective transport corridors seems very relevant. The chapter examines the current state of the maritime transport infrastructure of the Republic of Kazakhstan, its integration into the international chain. The essence and value of the transit potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan are explored, the state of the maritime transport complex is presented, the prerequisites for the use of the transit potential are presented, the seaports performed to increase the efficiency of transit are presented. Trends of the development of the maritime transport, the main directions of improving the transport and logistics infrastructure are considered.