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The assessment of biodiversity and identifying factors of its spatial structure are actual biogeographic problems. The main attention in investigations is paid to regions with high levels of biodiversity and complex structures. One of these regions is Caucasus—a large mountain territory with unique biota and mosaic spatial and temporal structure of ecosystems. The article is devoted to evaluating the spatial differentiation of the vegetation diversity in the Utrish State Nature Reserve (Abrau Peninsula, Northwestern Caucasus). A unique biodiversity with an abundance of endemic and relict components of the vegetation is characterized on this mountain territory. Knowledge of patterns of vegetation spatial organization is necessary for the protection of unique ecosystems. Based on original geobotanical field data collected in 2015–2022 (282 plots) and geostatistical analysis (ordinary and universal kriging), models of the spatial structure of plant species richness and uniqueness of vegetation communities have been created. The most valuable areas of the reserve territory have been determined in relation to the total diversity of all vascular plant species, as well as the composition of rare species included in the Red Book of the Krasnodar territory. According to universal kriging, the altitudinal-belt structure of the vegetation and the differentiation of the types of morphostructures determine the spatial organization of species diversity. The altitudinal zonality, formed according to the altitudinal climatic gradient, determines the highest species richness and concentration of rare (endemic and relict) species in the lower seaside belt. Communities of pistachio-juniper and oak forests and sparse forests dominate here. Changes in ecotopic conditions in connection with the types of morphostructures characterize the differentiation of the rare species diversity. Communities of watershed surfaces have the minimum rare species; communities of coastal cliffs and benches have the maximum species. The obtained results reveal some important features of the spatial organization of mountain vegetation. The complex conditions of territory differentiate species diversity by altitudinal gradient, slope, and morphostructure types. The results can be used as a basis for developing proposals for conservation and monitoring measures of unique ecosystems in protected areas.

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Spatial Patterns of Plant Species Diversity in Northwestern Caucasus

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Maxim Bocharnikov,
  • Galina Ogureeva,
  • Alexandr Vinogradov

摘要

The assessment of biodiversity and identifying factors of its spatial structure are actual biogeographic problems. The main attention in investigations is paid to regions with high levels of biodiversity and complex structures. One of these regions is Caucasus—a large mountain territory with unique biota and mosaic spatial and temporal structure of ecosystems. The article is devoted to evaluating the spatial differentiation of the vegetation diversity in the Utrish State Nature Reserve (Abrau Peninsula, Northwestern Caucasus). A unique biodiversity with an abundance of endemic and relict components of the vegetation is characterized on this mountain territory. Knowledge of patterns of vegetation spatial organization is necessary for the protection of unique ecosystems. Based on original geobotanical field data collected in 2015–2022 (282 plots) and geostatistical analysis (ordinary and universal kriging), models of the spatial structure of plant species richness and uniqueness of vegetation communities have been created. The most valuable areas of the reserve territory have been determined in relation to the total diversity of all vascular plant species, as well as the composition of rare species included in the Red Book of the Krasnodar territory. According to universal kriging, the altitudinal-belt structure of the vegetation and the differentiation of the types of morphostructures determine the spatial organization of species diversity. The altitudinal zonality, formed according to the altitudinal climatic gradient, determines the highest species richness and concentration of rare (endemic and relict) species in the lower seaside belt. Communities of pistachio-juniper and oak forests and sparse forests dominate here. Changes in ecotopic conditions in connection with the types of morphostructures characterize the differentiation of the rare species diversity. Communities of watershed surfaces have the minimum rare species; communities of coastal cliffs and benches have the maximum species. The obtained results reveal some important features of the spatial organization of mountain vegetation. The complex conditions of territory differentiate species diversity by altitudinal gradient, slope, and morphostructure types. The results can be used as a basis for developing proposals for conservation and monitoring measures of unique ecosystems in protected areas.