Assessment of Underground Water Quality for Irrigation Proposes Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques
摘要
Because of increased population growth in industrial areas, agricultural development, and current climate change, that causes changes in precipitation patterns, water quality and supply, have become major global issues. Water plays an important role in agricultural planning and reclamation. The main source of water in the study area is ground water (wells). Assessment of water quality, in the study area, is done by using piper diagram, while Evaluation of the sodicity and salinity hazards in accordance with USDA (1954). Geostatistical analysis resulted in the overlaying of the theme maps (EC, Na+, Cl−, HCO3−, and SAR) to create the IWQI map. The piper diagram demonstrated that the sources of such types of water had similar origins; the dominant cations are represented by Na+ ions, while the dominating anions are represented by Cl−. According to the USDA’s categorization system, 75% of the wells’ water is classified as salinity class C3, and about 17% of the wells are in the C4 class while only 8% of wells are in the C2. The outcome demonstrated groundwater samples are categorized as; severe restriction (SR), high restriction (HR), moderate restriction (MR), low restriction (LR) irrigation water (0.2%, 3.1%, 8.9% and 82.4%) respectively. Research results indicate that 5.4% of the samples collected from groundwater in the research region are categorized as irrigation water with no restrictions (NR). Thus (75%) of water in the study area is suitable for irrigating most crops except the sensitive ones. It is possible to control the low to medium SAR and moderate to high ECw without applying any water or soil treatments. The issue can be resolved by leaching the extra salts from the root zone.