The primary objective of this work is to map the recent evolution of land use and land cover (LULC) in east of Saudi Arabia between 1990 and 2022. To understand this complex theme, an integrative, global, and hierarchical methodological approach, combining multi-source and multi-date data was adopted. This approach involves the creation of a prototype land-use map based on the strict rules of graphic semiology. The main cartographic results present the various land use and land cover changes. The combination of two satellite images from 1990 and 2022 enables a diachronic analysis of the Al-Ahsa Metropolitan Area (AMA), as well as a synthetic description of the organization and spatial distribution of land use and its classes. The application aims to highlight the process of urban sprawl and changes in land occupation and use. It shows the importance of change detection methods for understanding urbanization patterns and assessing their impacts on the oasis and bare soil ecosystems. Post-classification comparison of land-use maps revealed a growth in built-up areas to the detriment of the old oasis center and bare soil. The images of the study area were classified into four classes: agriculture, bare soil, built-up areas, and hills. The Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) approaches are highly effective and offer real added value in visualizing land occupation and land usage. All these documents are indispensable and highly important for rational planning of all types of land occupation and use.