Within the paradigm of existential positive psychology, suffering has the potential to be transformed into a source of strength, an opportunity to experience deeper meaning, and a possible gateway to reaching a higher state of self-transcendence, connectedness, and empowerment. Drawing on prior work involving implicit theories, this chapter introduces the notion of suffering mindsets to explore the role that fundamental beliefs about suffering might have in shaping experiences of suffering, influencing responses to suffering, and modifying the effects of suffering on well-being. We describe the process by which we developed the Suffering Mindset Scale, a brief but efficient tool that researchers and practitioners can employ in a variety of contexts to assess the central features of a person’s mindset about the consequences of suffering. We conclude by discussing some potential implications of suffering mindsets for theory, research, and practice.