The concept of saudade is very present in Portuguese culture. In fact, it is one of the terms most commonly used by the general public to express emotion. In Brazil, saudade is even officially celebrated every year. The term is usually translated into English as longing, yearning, missing, homesickness, and nostalgia, but none of these terms seem to convey the exact meaning of saudade as the Portuguese generally understand it. The goal of this chapter is (a) to display the results of autobiographical analyses of experienced saudade, (b) to delineate the experiential structure of saudade, (c) to analyze its demographic and psychological correlates, and (d) to synthesize the psychological effects, positive or negative, of saudade induction. Finally, we endeavor to explain why the experience of saudade appears so ambiguous, i.e., more precisely, why, depending on whether one evokes this experience or measures its effects after the fact, one observes results that seems to be difficult to reconcile.