This chapter introduces a pioneering intellectual capital taxonomy and measurement system for the green economy, aimed at facilitating strategic management of intellectual resources to achieve sustainable development and economic growth. It provides a structured framework for classifying and measuring intellectual capital, such as human knowledge, organisational processes, and technological assets, to promote environmental sustainability and economic prosperity. The taxonomy enhances strategic decision-making through effective communication, benchmarking, and identification of value creation opportunities. Developed from a ‘bottom–up’ approach for precision and clarity, it integrates various resources into a holistic view, supporting future research and application in the green economy. The chapter underscores the taxonomy’s role in strategic management within the green economy, highlighting its potential to balance economic goals with environmental stewardship and to drive sustainable development and competitive advantage.