Electrospinning is a simple and highly versatile technique used for the production of ultrathin nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers distinguished by their large surface area-to-volume ratio, high porosity, easy processability, and surface functionalization are excellent class of nanomaterials for an array of applications such as filtration membranes, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressings, protective textiles, and energy storage devices. Material selectivity and the ability to encapsulate various active agents are some other features which make electrospun nanofibers as an attractive choice for innovative applications.