Resistance selection is selection by persistence: forms, patterns, and interrelationships that last longer than their spatial or temporal neighbors are preferentially preserved. This can occur as the weakest and least resistant of existing materials are removed, or as positive selection for more stable and durable forms that emerge. Resistance selection is prominent in weathering, erosion and sediment transport by water and wind, and is also responsible for sorting and patterning in landscapes. Other examples discussed include soil and groundwaterGroundwater flow and evolution of coastal headlandsCoastal headlands.