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Exposure to intense sounds, such as blasts, can cause detrimental and irreversible fractures in the eardrum also known as the tympanic membrane (TM). Despite the gravity of this issue, research surrounding the TM dynamics and fracture mechanics when exposed to intense impulsive sound remains limited. To overcome the challenges associated with obtaining real cadaveric human specimens, we use 3D-printed samples that replicate human TMs to investigate how sample parameters (such as shape and thickness) affect the mechanisms that produce fracture during blast events. Both numerical simulations and experimental studies are carried out. The experimental tests involve the high-speed full-field-of-view imaging techniques Schlieren and 3D Digital Image Correlation (3D-DIC) for characterizing sample dynamics, while an instrumented shock tube serves as the excitation method. The experimental displacement results are validated using a well-established technique: laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The 3D-printed TM-like samples’ responses are compared to the measurement from a real cadaveric human TM. This research aims to provide comprehensive insights into TM damage mechanics with potential applications in the design of protective gear, medical treatments, and preventive strategies for blast-related ear injuries.

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Study of Human Eardrums Subjected to High Acoustical Levels by Accurate Parametric 3D-Printed Models

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Jonathan Oliveira Luiz,
  • Anahita Alipanahi,
  • John J. Rosowski,
  • Cosme Furlong,
  • Jeffrey Tao Cheng

摘要

Exposure to intense sounds, such as blasts, can cause detrimental and irreversible fractures in the eardrum also known as the tympanic membrane (TM). Despite the gravity of this issue, research surrounding the TM dynamics and fracture mechanics when exposed to intense impulsive sound remains limited. To overcome the challenges associated with obtaining real cadaveric human specimens, we use 3D-printed samples that replicate human TMs to investigate how sample parameters (such as shape and thickness) affect the mechanisms that produce fracture during blast events. Both numerical simulations and experimental studies are carried out. The experimental tests involve the high-speed full-field-of-view imaging techniques Schlieren and 3D Digital Image Correlation (3D-DIC) for characterizing sample dynamics, while an instrumented shock tube serves as the excitation method. The experimental displacement results are validated using a well-established technique: laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The 3D-printed TM-like samples’ responses are compared to the measurement from a real cadaveric human TM. This research aims to provide comprehensive insights into TM damage mechanics with potential applications in the design of protective gear, medical treatments, and preventive strategies for blast-related ear injuries.