Septic shock is the body’s extreme response to an infection. It is life-threatening, and timely treatment is critical because sepsis can lead to organ failure and death. Anyone can get an infection, although the immunocompromised are most at risk, and many types of infection can lead to sepsis. This chapter discusses ways to prevent infection, describes symptoms that suggest sepsis, and emphasizes the need to act immediately if sepsis is suspected. Septic shock is a medical emergency and warrants immediate antibiotic treatment and inpatient monitoring.