This chapter examines the role of music therapy in supporting the mental health and well-being of children, focusing on how it aligns with various articles from the UNCRC which emphasize children’s rights to mental health services, expression, and personal development. The chapter provides an overview of mental health in children, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for mental health conditions, which can significantly impact development if left untreated. It discusses factors influencing children’s mental health, including adverse childhood experiences, and explores how music therapy can support emotional regulation, coping skills, and social interactions in children facing mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and behavioral disorders. The chapter reviews various therapeutic approaches, from cognitive-behavioral therapy to music-centered orientations, and highlights the flexibility of music therapy in addressing these issues. Despite the growing application of music therapy, empirical evidence remains limited, with recent studies showing promising results in reducing depression, internalizing symptoms, and aggressive behavior. The chapter calls for continued research into the effectiveness of music therapy in diverse cultural and clinical contexts, reflecting its potential to enhance the mental health and resilience of children and adolescents across the globe.