The modern era faces extensive and ever-expanding environmental problems of water and soil pollution. Traditional methods of treatment often do not fully eliminate all waste. Conventional methods of disposal of biomedical wastes, basically drains, ignition, and dumping, are characterized by the disadvantages as high cost, and pollutants may be transformed from one poisonous form to another. The biomedical residues become omnipresent in most situations for example, in marine surroundings where they are found mostly at concentrations breaching the environmental quality standards set. Phytoremediation emerges as an inherently available and ecologically rational way of reducing these conditions and it deals with various critical challenges of environmental pollution caused by disposal of biomedical waste. This methodology employs the natural plant ability to extract toxic compounds from soil and water. The most utilized are plants because they are abundantly available, tolerate adverse conditions, take up and accumulate toxic substances, have a competitive advantage over other plants, and are productive in producing biomass. Recent technologies for biomedical waste removal from water sources have been a center of attraction for scientists. Hence, learning about new technologies is necessary to know about the merits and demerits of these new strategies. Meanwhile, the current research activities are aimed at increasing the efficiency of biomedical residue extraction from sediments, water bodies, and soils. Among the recent restoration efforts after ecosystem damage, phytoremediation is the most attractive and cost-effective since it is completely organic. According to recent studies, plants can be used for removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, antibiotics, radioactive elements, and insecticides. This chapter, therefore, is more dedicated to the research, progress, and prospects of environmental restoration with phytoremediation of toxic biomedical wastes.