We examine the types of crime, from petty theft to transnational crimes like cybercrime and trafficking, highlighting their economic and social costs. The Becker model views criminal behaviour as a rational choice influenced by costs, benefits, and probabilities of detection and punishment. The chapter discusses the elasticity of offending and how economic incentives, unemployment, and inequality shape crime rates. The chapter also examines the globalisation of crime, illustrating how increased movement of goods, people, and information facilitates transnational crimes. Policy responses, including law enforcement strategies, deterrence mechanisms, and rehabilitation programmes, are evaluated for their effectiveness. The interplay between globalisation, technological progress, and criminal networks is emphasised, alongside challenges to international cooperation and governance. Using empirical evidence, the chapter links crime trends with economic policies, shedding light on the need for balanced approaches to crime prevention and justice.