Concussion Return to Learn or Work and Return to Play
摘要
Managing return from a concussion can be challenging for patients, parents, athletes, and providers. Although a long period of rest was once standard, current recommendations have shortened that recommendation to 24–48 h of physical and cognitive rest during the acute phase after injury. Clinicians are now encouraged to recommend early (after 24–48 h) return to physical activity (PA) as tolerated (e.g., walking or stationary cycling while avoiding the risk of contact, collision, or fall). Activity is gradually increased while staying below symptom exacerbation thresholds. Successful return-to-learn strategies utilizes a general set of academic supports for transitioning back into the classroom. If symptoms persist, more formal interventions such as individualized education plans are warranted. In a return-to-work scenario, individualized recommendation can reintegrate a patient in a stepwise fashion depending on their specific symptom profile, and that profile interacts with their work tasks. Updated return-to-play consensus guidelines recommend increasing activity in a stepwise approach. Individualized, sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise, performed at an intensity that does not worsen symptoms, has been shown to accelerate recovery. Activity may be initiated during the recovery period even if mild symptoms are still present. The goal is to avoid activities that significantly worsen symptoms. The Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test may be a useful tool for creating individualized exercise prescriptions, assessing physiologic recovery post-concussion, and potentially differentiating concussion from other confounding diagnoses.