Heretical Hope: Striving for Salvation and the Good Death in Medieval Languedoc
摘要
This chapter investigates hope within the context of dissident lived religion in medieval Languedoc as a motivating force for achieving a good death and salvation. In the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, many Languedocian laypeople were drawn to the good men—ascetic preachers whose teachings and promises of salvation garnered significant devotion, despite being labelled heretics by the Church. For their followers, the path to salvation was the deathbed ritual known as the consolamentum, administered by the good men. The records of inquisitorial depositions document involvement in this ritual, providing evidence analysed here from the perspective of lived religion. This reveals that hope drove individuals to secure the ritual both for themselves and for other people in their communities.