Primary headache disorders represent a complex and diverse group of conditions, posing significant challenges in diagnosis and management. While migraines and tension-type headaches have been extensively studied, other primary headache types—such as primary cough headache, primary exercise headache, primary headache associated with sexual activity, primary thunderclap headache, cold-stimulus headache, external pressure headache, primary stabbing headache, hypnic headache, nummular headache, and new daily persistent headache (NDPH)—remain relatively underexplored. This chapter aims to provide insights into the potential mechanisms and clinical management of these lesser-known primary headaches through the lens of neuroimaging evidence.