The article provides a theoretical rationale for the construction of bypasses in settlements using the hierarchical analysis method. The hierarchical analysis method is a systematic procedure for hierarchically presenting elements that define the essence of the problem. The method is based on decomposing the problem into simpler components and further processing judgments at each hierarchical level of pairwise comparisons. As a result, we obtain the relative degree (intensity) of interaction of elements at the given hierarchical level or the “importance” (preference) of some elements relative to others. These judgments are given a numerical assessment. Statistical characteristics (mathematical estimation, dispersion of parameters of traffic flows, density and distribution function of movement time intervals, etc.) are widely used for assessing the state of traffic flow in justifying bypasses in settlements. The fundamental commonly used characteristics of the state of traffic flow in justifying bypasses in settlements are the density distribution function of movement time intervals of vehicles in the flow.