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This study aimed to analyze the life cycle of bioprocesses involved in the evaluation of microalgal biomass until the generation of bioethanol. SimaPro® 8.5.0 software was used to analyze the life cycle impacts, applying the Impact 2002+ methodology for the global warming impact category (Kg CO2 eq.). The impacts were analyzed without considering the energy consumption of equipment, in order to understand the inputs and outputs of the processes from the perspective of materials and inputs. Data were collected for the inventory of microalgae cultivation, biomass harvesting, drying, pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. The results showed that the fermentation step had the highest global warming impact, with 43.52 kg CO2 eq. It is also worth noting that the microalgae cultivation process using effluent as a medium had a negative carbon footprint (−20.69 kg CO2 eq.), as 30 L of cattle effluent was utilized during microalgae cultivation. Therefore, it was observed that the conversion of microalgae to bioethanol has sustainable potential through the utilization of waste and by-products from other processes.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Bioethanol Production from Microalgae in a Biorefinery Approach

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • João Felipe Freitag,
  • Victória Dutra Fagundes,
  • Viviane Simon,
  • Rosana de Cássia de Souza Schneider,
  • Luciane Maria Colla

摘要

This study aimed to analyze the life cycle of bioprocesses involved in the evaluation of microalgal biomass until the generation of bioethanol. SimaPro® 8.5.0 software was used to analyze the life cycle impacts, applying the Impact 2002+ methodology for the global warming impact category (Kg CO2 eq.). The impacts were analyzed without considering the energy consumption of equipment, in order to understand the inputs and outputs of the processes from the perspective of materials and inputs. Data were collected for the inventory of microalgae cultivation, biomass harvesting, drying, pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. The results showed that the fermentation step had the highest global warming impact, with 43.52 kg CO2 eq. It is also worth noting that the microalgae cultivation process using effluent as a medium had a negative carbon footprint (−20.69 kg CO2 eq.), as 30 L of cattle effluent was utilized during microalgae cultivation. Therefore, it was observed that the conversion of microalgae to bioethanol has sustainable potential through the utilization of waste and by-products from other processes.