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This chapter presents the basic concepts of demography and population theory that will then allow us to model the evolution of the numbers of contributors and beneficiaries of a pension scheme. The fundamental notions of stable and stationary populations are introduced. Different demographic ratios useful in pension theory are defined and illustrated, as well as the two main types of demographic risks affecting pension plans: longevity risk and population growth risk.

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Introduction to Demography

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Pierre Devolder,
  • Sébastien de Valeriola

摘要

This chapter presents the basic concepts of demography and population theory that will then allow us to model the evolution of the numbers of contributors and beneficiaries of a pension scheme. The fundamental notions of stable and stationary populations are introduced. Different demographic ratios useful in pension theory are defined and illustrated, as well as the two main types of demographic risks affecting pension plans: longevity risk and population growth risk.