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Central nervous system (CNS) monitoring techniques are integral in both clinical and research settings, offering critical insights into brain and spinal cord function. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various monitoring methodologies, including electroencephalography (EEG), evoked potentials (EPs), intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment, brain metabolism evaluation, spinal cord function analysis, and CNS imaging. Each technique is discussed in terms of principles, applications, and advancements. EEG and EPs are highlighted for their diagnostic and intraoperative applications, while ICP monitoring emphasizes the role of intraventricular catheters in neurocritical care. Techniques for monitoring CBF, such as transcranial Doppler (TCD) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), are explored alongside advanced imaging modalities like functional MRI (fMRI) and intraoperative MRI (iMRI). The chapter underscores the importance of integrating multiple monitoring approaches to enhance diagnostic precision, improve surgical outcomes, and advance patient care in critical neurological conditions.

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Advanced Central Nervous System Monitoring in Anesthesia Practice

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Zheng Liu,
  • Siyuan Song

摘要

Central nervous system (CNS) monitoring techniques are integral in both clinical and research settings, offering critical insights into brain and spinal cord function. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various monitoring methodologies, including electroencephalography (EEG), evoked potentials (EPs), intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment, brain metabolism evaluation, spinal cord function analysis, and CNS imaging. Each technique is discussed in terms of principles, applications, and advancements. EEG and EPs are highlighted for their diagnostic and intraoperative applications, while ICP monitoring emphasizes the role of intraventricular catheters in neurocritical care. Techniques for monitoring CBF, such as transcranial Doppler (TCD) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), are explored alongside advanced imaging modalities like functional MRI (fMRI) and intraoperative MRI (iMRI). The chapter underscores the importance of integrating multiple monitoring approaches to enhance diagnostic precision, improve surgical outcomes, and advance patient care in critical neurological conditions.