Following growing public concern and new regulations introduced to reduce plastic waste, the production and use of alternatives to traditional plastics, including compostable and biodegradable materials, has increased significantly. However, if these alternative plastics are not separated and collected properly, they can contaminate the environment, recycling systems, and organic waste streams. It is therefore crucial to identify and sort these polymer types accurately to ensure their proper separation and composting at the end of their life cycle. Europe’s efforts to reduce plastic pollution on land and in the sea aim for sustainable business practices, compatible with the principles of the circular economy. Consequently, the use of organic materials (bioplastics) or degradable materials (biodegradable polymers) is encouraged. SEALIVE is an EU-funded innovation project, that will bring advanced bio-based plastic solutions to the market, providing viable alternatives to single-use plastics. SEALIVE will reduce plastic waste and contamination on land and in seas by boosting the use of biomaterials and contributing to the circular economy with cohesive bio-plastic strategies. Among all the SEALIVE project strategies to reduce plastic pollution in land, the development of natural biobased polymer markers is a priority. This is due to the need to identify biodegradable polymers in sorting plants and then to avoid contamination of conventional polymers packaging waste by them. This study explores the current identification and sorting technologies which could be applicable to compostable and biodegradable plastics, even though they were not designed for those, together with novelty systems developed on the SEALIVE project to identify new biopolymers. Current sorting technologies include gravity-based, centrifugal or hydrocyclone, air gravity-based, flotation, triboelectrostatic, image-based, spectral-based, hyperspectral imaging, and tracer-based sorting. This study discusses the benefits and limitations of each sorting method in the context of a circular economy. Additionally, the study will introduce a novel fluorescent marker developed by SEALIVE, which potentially enables high-precision sorting of biodegradable and compostable materials without affect their chemical and physical–mechanical properties. This marker does not final biodegradability and industrial compostability.