The sustainable Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) concept is the advanced water management strategy for achieving maximum water recovery and minimum environmental footprint. While ZLD is an idealistic concept, the scientific community has indulged in achieving ZLD in actual industries. Several technological achievements have been introduced in the ZLD implementation with different types of ZLD setups. Implementation of ZLD systems in major water-intensive industries, e.g., tannery, textile, and pharmaceutical, has progressed. However, challenges associated with ZLD are rarely discussed, and overlooked. This book chapter contributes in this regard by summarizing the concept of ZLD and its implementation viewpoints in industrial sectors. Moreover, severe challenges associated with the sustainable approach of ZLD have been scrutinized. Furthermore, social perspectives, including challenges and benefits of ZLD implementation, a scarcely investigated topic in ZLD research, have been discussed in this chapter.