Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main causes of mortality globally. Atherosclerosis disease consists in the development of lipid deposits in the arterial wall, called atheroma plaques, that cause a reduction in the space available for blood circulation. Depending on the artery in which this disease takes place, it can lead to severe consequences, such as ischaemia or stroke. However, the process by which these plaques are developed is not yet completely understood, so further research on this topic is still needed. This work studies the process of atheroma plaques formation in arteries through the development of a mechanobiological model, which is applied to carotid arteries. It aims to predict the areas of plaque growth, as well as their development. The model uses Navier−Stokes equations to calculate the blood flow along the lumen in a transient mode; Darcy’s law, Kedem−Katchalsky equations, and the three−pore model to simulate plasma and substance flows across the endothelium. All substances in the arterial wall are modelled with convection−diffusion−reaction equations. Since there are different types of plaque according to their vulnerability, a model of vulnerable atheroma plaques in an axisymmetric geometry has been developed and considered as the reference model. Additionally, by modifying some of its equations, a non−vulnerable plaques growth model has also been developed. Our model has proved to predict successfully the formation of both vulnerable and non-vulnerable atheroma plaques in arteries. Furthermore, these models show promising accuracy when applied to patient-specific geometries.