The imminent difficulties posed by climate change have sparked a fundamental transformation in agricultural techniques, necessitating inventive methods to guarantee the durability and viability of crop production. This book chapter attempts to clarify the important function of genetic mapping in discovering essential genes linked to climate resilience in agricultural crops. It provides a thorough examination of the many methods used to reduce the effects of climate change. The chapter will begin by establishing a fundamental comprehension of the genetic underpinnings of climate resilience, exploring the complex network of genes that regulate characteristics such as tolerance to drought, resistance to heat, and ability to adapt to extreme weather phenomena. The chapter will examine advanced genomic technologies like high-throughput sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to reveal the complexities of gene mapping. It will also explore how these techniques can be used to find molecular markers associated with climate-adaptive features. The chapter will not only discuss genetic mapping but also emphasize other approaches, such as marker-assisted breeding and gene editing techniques. These approaches play a crucial role in speeding up the creation and use of crop varieties that are tolerant to climate change.