This study presents comprehensive change detection and blockwise waterbodies inventory over a period of time, causing environmental disbalance in Jhansi District. The study area is located in the Bundelkhand region of India, which is experiencing regular and prolonged phases of droughts. The hydrological setup of the Jhansi district is influenced by its geographical locations, climate, and the existence of several rivers, reservoirs, and groundwater resources. This study proposes a comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spatial fluctuations of surface water bodies through the use of remote sensing and GIS (geographic information system) technologies. Survey of India toposheets surveyed in 1972 have been used as base information in assessing the number and spatial extent of the water bodies. Using SOI toposheets surveyed, a total of 375 water bodies have been delineated considering the good amount of water bodies in the area lot, many water-related schemes have been implemented in Jhansi district, and new man-made reservoirs were created. Using satellite data of Sentinel-2B for the Year 2022, water bodies have been delineated. It has been found that the total number of dry water bodies has increased, and spatial extent in terms of the area has been reduced, which shows a declining trend in spatial extent over the period of four decades. For effective water resource management, it is vital to realize and compute numerous hydrological components due to the continuously changing rainfall patterns showing an increased frequency of drought.