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The drainage basin is quantitatively described by the morphometric analysis for various future perspectives such as flooding, sediment yield, soil erosion, and prone zone identifications. GIS and remote sensing techniques were utilized to conduct the current morphometric study in order to determine multiple drainage parameters of the upper Wabe Shebelle basin with the assistance of “Shuttle Radar Topography Mission”—SRTM (DEM “Digital Elevation Model”—30m spatial resolution) images. ArcGIS (version 10.8) was utilized for GIS map making and other morphometric analyses. The basin compiled with the extreme stream order of 6, and the drainage pattern showed a typical dendritic pattern. Three factors were considered, such as the ten linear aspects (number, order, length of the stream, mean stream length, bifurcation and stream length ratio, drainage texture, and length of overland flow), the nine areal aspects (density of the drainage, and circulatory and elongation ratios), and the four relief aspect (relief ratio, and relative and basin relief) to define the morphometric characteristics. The results reflected that the basin had a good basin area of about 5110.57 km2 which helped to contain a good water quantity and had a total length of 168 km. The bifurcation ratio showed that the geological formations were affected by drainage patterns. The areal parameters indicated the solid and dry conditions of the rocks with very coarse texture in the basin. Also, the runoff down a gentle slope due to extended stream flow resulted the higher infiltration rates. Form factor, the elongation ratio, and circularity ratio results showed a different interpretation which resembled fairly elongation, elongation, and circular shapes. Also, there was moderate dissection visibility in the basin. The altitude of the basin varied from 1970.70 to 4037.39 m with a basin relief of 2116.69 m. Low drainage density, moderate elongation, medium level of dissection, abundant infiltration rate capability, and low potential runoff are the key characteristics of the drainage basin. Finally, the present investigation will be helpful in soil erosion, flood susceptibility, groundwater potentiality, artificial recharge structure, and other water resource management studies.

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Assessing Drainage Characteristics Through Morphometric Evaluation in the Upper Wabe Shebelle Basin, Ethiopia: Implications for Water Resource Management

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Pradeep Kamaraj,
  • Muhammed Haji,
  • Shankar Karuppannan,
  • Hassen Shube

摘要

The drainage basin is quantitatively described by the morphometric analysis for various future perspectives such as flooding, sediment yield, soil erosion, and prone zone identifications. GIS and remote sensing techniques were utilized to conduct the current morphometric study in order to determine multiple drainage parameters of the upper Wabe Shebelle basin with the assistance of “Shuttle Radar Topography Mission”—SRTM (DEM “Digital Elevation Model”—30m spatial resolution) images. ArcGIS (version 10.8) was utilized for GIS map making and other morphometric analyses. The basin compiled with the extreme stream order of 6, and the drainage pattern showed a typical dendritic pattern. Three factors were considered, such as the ten linear aspects (number, order, length of the stream, mean stream length, bifurcation and stream length ratio, drainage texture, and length of overland flow), the nine areal aspects (density of the drainage, and circulatory and elongation ratios), and the four relief aspect (relief ratio, and relative and basin relief) to define the morphometric characteristics. The results reflected that the basin had a good basin area of about 5110.57 km2 which helped to contain a good water quantity and had a total length of 168 km. The bifurcation ratio showed that the geological formations were affected by drainage patterns. The areal parameters indicated the solid and dry conditions of the rocks with very coarse texture in the basin. Also, the runoff down a gentle slope due to extended stream flow resulted the higher infiltration rates. Form factor, the elongation ratio, and circularity ratio results showed a different interpretation which resembled fairly elongation, elongation, and circular shapes. Also, there was moderate dissection visibility in the basin. The altitude of the basin varied from 1970.70 to 4037.39 m with a basin relief of 2116.69 m. Low drainage density, moderate elongation, medium level of dissection, abundant infiltration rate capability, and low potential runoff are the key characteristics of the drainage basin. Finally, the present investigation will be helpful in soil erosion, flood susceptibility, groundwater potentiality, artificial recharge structure, and other water resource management studies.