Subcutaneous adipose tissue, known for its rich vascularization, has been discovered as an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or pericytes and is increasingly recognized for its potential in clinical applications and for its accessibility via minimally invasive liposuction presenting fewer ethical concerns. Nowadays it is known that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), due to their association with the perivascular niche, exhibit the ability to interact with resident cells, thereby enhancing the understanding of their function in injury response and redefining their therapeutic role in several conditions, including joint and tendon inflammatory disorders. This chapter briefly reports the rationale behind the use of adipose-derived products as well as the current preclinical and clinical evidence about the treatment of osteoarthritis and tendinopathy.