Drs. Stanley Yolles and Bertram Brown, two young psychiatrists with degrees in public health, became the second and third National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) directors from 1964 to 1978. They were handpicked by Dr. Felix to ensure that the prevention of mental illness would continue to be the top priority of the Institute. In 1964, NIMH published five service requirements for those applying for community mental health center (CMHC) federal grants; remarkably, the requirements did not include any mention of providing care for patients being discharged from state mental hospitals. The first CMHC received federal funds in 1967, and from the beginning, the centers were encouraged to become involved in the community’s social issues since it was believed that problems such as poverty, unemployment, and racism were major causes of mental illnesses. NIMH itself created a Center for Studies of Metropolitan Mental Health Problems and hired two psychoanalytically trained psychiatrists to help with city planning. However, these activities that were aimed at preventing mental illnesses lasted for only 2 years. In 1969, 200 community activists took over a CMHC in the Bronx, locking the professional staff out of their offices and declaring themselves to be in charge. They claimed that they were simply doing what they had been taught. This highly publicized event, which lasted for 3 weeks until police were sent in, was a major embarrassment for NIMH and led to a reassessment of prevention as an important CMHC activity.