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The last several years have seen a notable surge in the demand for nanotechnologyNanotechnology. Two primary techniquesTechnique- bottom-upBottom-down andBottom-up top-downTop-down approachesApproach, are employed for nanostructureNanostructures fabrication. The former concentrates on creating nanoscale structures using atomic and molecular components and the latter deals with creating nanomaterialsNanomaterial from bulk structures. This approachesApproach can be further classified into physicalPhysical, chemical, and biological methodsMethods, encompassing a variety of techniquesTechnique such as mechanical millingMechanical milling, sputteringSputtering, electro-explosion, laserAblation ablationLaser ablation, chemical vapor depositionChemical vapor deposition, solvothermal and hydrothermal methodsHydrothermal method, sol–gelSol-gel synthesis synthesisSynthesis, reverse micelleMicelles methodsMethods, and harnessing plants and microorganismsMicroorganisms. During the production of nanomaterialsNanomaterial, certain propertiesProperties such as morphological features, topography, surface chemistry, compositionComposition, agglomeration, solubility, and hydrophilicity are crucial factors to examine. There are many useful applicationsApplications for different kinds of nanomaterialsNanomaterial. However, because of toxic nature and possible adverse effects, their usage is restricted. In an effort to mitigate the hazards related to nanomaterialsNanomaterial, scientists are focusing on synthesizing them using green, or biological resources. Green nanotechnologyGreen nanotechnology describes the implementation of eco- friendly synthetic approachesSynthetic approaches to create particles that have fewer harmful effects and are sustainable. In addition to offering practical methodsMethods for product recycling, this drastically reduces waste production. Furthermore, the exceptional specificity of the biomoleculesBiomolecule used in the biosynthesisBiosynthesis process may allow for an extensive amount of regulation on characteristics of the generated nanoparticlesNanoparticle. Sustainable development is becoming more and more popular in modern society, and innovative green nanoparticlesNanoparticle are finding broad applicationsApplications in the sectors of biomedicine, agricultureAgriculture, and environmentEnvironment.

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Nanotechnology Era: Nanomaterial Green Synthesis

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sindhu Rachel Joy,
  • T. R. Anju,
  • Jameel M. Al-Khayri,
  • Shri Mohan Jain

摘要

The last several years have seen a notable surge in the demand for nanotechnologyNanotechnology. Two primary techniquesTechnique- bottom-upBottom-down andBottom-up top-downTop-down approachesApproach, are employed for nanostructureNanostructures fabrication. The former concentrates on creating nanoscale structures using atomic and molecular components and the latter deals with creating nanomaterialsNanomaterial from bulk structures. This approachesApproach can be further classified into physicalPhysical, chemical, and biological methodsMethods, encompassing a variety of techniquesTechnique such as mechanical millingMechanical milling, sputteringSputtering, electro-explosion, laserAblation ablationLaser ablation, chemical vapor depositionChemical vapor deposition, solvothermal and hydrothermal methodsHydrothermal method, sol–gelSol-gel synthesis synthesisSynthesis, reverse micelleMicelles methodsMethods, and harnessing plants and microorganismsMicroorganisms. During the production of nanomaterialsNanomaterial, certain propertiesProperties such as morphological features, topography, surface chemistry, compositionComposition, agglomeration, solubility, and hydrophilicity are crucial factors to examine. There are many useful applicationsApplications for different kinds of nanomaterialsNanomaterial. However, because of toxic nature and possible adverse effects, their usage is restricted. In an effort to mitigate the hazards related to nanomaterialsNanomaterial, scientists are focusing on synthesizing them using green, or biological resources. Green nanotechnologyGreen nanotechnology describes the implementation of eco- friendly synthetic approachesSynthetic approaches to create particles that have fewer harmful effects and are sustainable. In addition to offering practical methodsMethods for product recycling, this drastically reduces waste production. Furthermore, the exceptional specificity of the biomoleculesBiomolecule used in the biosynthesisBiosynthesis process may allow for an extensive amount of regulation on characteristics of the generated nanoparticlesNanoparticle. Sustainable development is becoming more and more popular in modern society, and innovative green nanoparticlesNanoparticle are finding broad applicationsApplications in the sectors of biomedicine, agricultureAgriculture, and environmentEnvironment.