This study explores the impact of fake news on social media and its effects on Bahraini society, focusing on the reasons for its spread and the strategies to combat it. Using a sample survey method, data were collected from 200 Bahraini social media users aged 18 and above. The findings reveal that a majority of the sample (81.5%) regularly follow social media, with most spending 3–5 h daily on these platforms. Instagram, Snapchat, and WhatsApp were the most preferred networks, and entertainment topics were the most followed. The study identifies the main motives for social media use as communication with family and friends (100%), keeping up with the latest developments (94%), and entertainment (78.5%). While 86% of participants actively share news on social media, only 28% verify the accuracy of the information they receive. The key reasons for the spread of fake news include reposting without verification (87.6%) and lack of awareness (87.3%). The research highlights the importance of legal measures to combat fake news, with 94.5% supporting enacting laws criminalizing its spread. Additional recommendations include enhancing critical thinking and digital literacy, promoting transparency in information dissemination by official entities, and increasing public awareness. These findings underscore the need for a multi-faceted approach to addressing the challenges posed by fake news in Bahraini society.