This chapter develops skills in foundry managers/engineers to ensure safety and lean manufacturing in foundries. The chapter begins with highlighting the importance of safety in a foundry, followed by the following ten safety precautions to be implemented in foundries: hazard assessment, personal protective equipment (PPE), implementing environmental regulations, managing heat stress, keeping moisture out, inspecting machinery before use, reducing dust exposure, monitoring noise levels, preventing and minimizing harmful vibrations, and regular training of employees. Lean manufacturing is defined, including its advantages and the governing five lean principles with the aid of a diagram. The implementation of lean manufacturing in foundries is explained with reference to both sand casting and die casting/high-pressure die casting (HPDC) facilities. This chapter includes a case study of implementing lean manufacturing in a sand casting facility (core-shooting machines department of a foundry), two diagrams, and three MCQs with their answers given at the end of the book.